Inspired by protests, Hong Kong's minorities fight back

Racial discrimination rife in 'Asia's world city'.

Jeff Andrews, a 29-year-old Hong Konger from an Indian family, has set up a group to encourage political activism among South Asian youths

Hong Kong:  When teenager Jianne Soriano joined Hong Kong's pro-democracy protests it was the first time she felt she belonged in the city where she was born — now she is one of a new wave of young campaigners fighting racial discrimination.

Soriano, 19, says that her Filipino background left her feeling like an outsider until she joined the street blockades that brought parts of the city to a standstill for more than two months from September last year.

Although Hong Kong bills itself as "Asia's world city", prejudice against ethnic minorities is still rife — from being refused apartments on the basis of race to what campaigners say are institutionalized problems in education and the workplace.

"I felt like if I got involved in something that Hong Kong was concerned about, then maybe I would start to feel like I was part of this community," says Soriano.

The teenager, whose parents moved to the city for work 20 years ago, says she was told at school that she could never rival her Chinese peers, was ridiculed by her boss for not speaking good enough Cantonese and wondered why no one would sit next to her on public transport.

Participating in the protest movement, which willingly accepted her, made her feel "equal" for the first time.

That led her to give radio interviews, write articles, join campaign groups and direct social media campaigns for ethnic minority rights — now she dreams of becoming a rights lawyer.

"I often feel like there's not much voice for ethnic minorities," she says. "Since the protests, it feels like a new era for the youth to have a say in politics. I want to inspire them."

New landscape

Jeff Andrews, a 29-year-old Hong Konger from an Indian family, set up a group to encourage political activism among South Asian youths after leading them on nightly marches in support of the pro-democracy protests.

He says the Umbrella Movement, as the protests were known, have "changed the whole landscape of Hong Kong".

Like Soriano, Andrews says he grew up facing racism in the city — he was called "charcoal" and "monster", was refused jobs and was told he could not bury his mother in the local Christian cemetery because it was only for Chinese people.

Now he feels things are changing.

"Young people have seen what student power is all about. Ethnic minorities are going to be knocking on (the government's) door for reform."

In January, he led a group handing in a petition to the government demanding better Chinese language teaching in schools.

They have also organized fortnightly meetings, often with political speakers.

Although Hong Kong is famed as an international finance hub, ethnic minorities born in the city — most of whom are of South Asian descent — make up less than three percent of the population of seven million. Yet they are a growing part of Hong Kong's cultural mix.

Almost 28,000 non-Chinese speaking pupils study in public schools and there are 50 percent more in the three years of pre-primary education than all six years of primary.

Hong Kong's laws forbid racial discrimination, but activists say they are too weak and poorly enforced. The government is due to release the results of a public consultation on strengthening the laws this year.

"It doesn't matter how long they've lived in Hong Kong or if they were born here, (ethnic minorities) are always made to feel like foreigners," says Holing Yip, a campaign officer at rights group Unison.

Failure on equality

Amil Nasir, a lawyer who works for discrimination watchdog the Equal Opportunities Commission, admits the existing laws are not broad enough to tackle racism effectively and the organization has "no teeth... to take on the government".

"I don't think we have been as successful as we can be," he says. "Partly it is our fault for not being innovative in our approach... but we should (also) comment on things that aren't within our remit" including educating the public and challenging government policy.

Activists are particularly pushing for change to the city's education system, which sees around 80 percent of Hong Kong's ethnic minority pupils go to designated, English language schools. Most leave unable to read or write Cantonese, making it harder to get jobs.

While there is no official segregation policy, campaigners say mainstream schools often refuse ethnic minority children and many families feel designated schools are their only choice.

The Education Board says it is working to integrate non-Chinese speaking students into mainstream schools and has earmarked HK$200 million (US$26 million) a year for a new language program.

Many from minority backgrounds who are born in Hong Kong find it difficult to become "naturalized" so that they can get a passport, as the criteria include speaking Chinese or having a Chinese relative.

Authorities have also been accused of discrimination in their treatment of the 300,000 mainly Indonesian ad Filipino foreign domestic workers in Hong Kong, who can never gain residency, no matter now long they work in the city.

But young people from ethnic minorities now believe they can make a difference.

"One day we will reach a point where people won't think so much about nationality and color," said one 24-year-old Indian campaigner, who asked not to be named.

"If you want to call Hong Kong your home then you have to stand up for change."

Source: AFP/UCAN